Which of the following is not a type of case disposition in criminal cases?

• A. Dismissal
• B. Guilty plea
• C. Judicial review
• D. Conviction

Answer: (C)

In the context of criminal cases, case disposition refers to the final outcome or resolution of a case. Common types of case dispositions include dismissal, guilty plea, and conviction, each signifying a different resolution path for the case.

Dismissal occurs when a case is terminated without a determination of guilt or innocence, meaning the charges are dropped. A guilty plea represents a defendant's admission of guilt, which leads to a formal conviction. Conviction indicates that the court found the defendant guilty based on the evidence presented during the trial.

Judicial review, however, is not a type of case disposition in this context. It refers instead to the process by which a court reviews the decisions of lower courts or administrative agencies, often concerning the legality of those decisions or the process by which they were made. Therefore, judicial review does not conclude or resolve a criminal case but rather assesses whether proper legal procedures were followed in prior proceedings.